最牛逼的性能监控系统！集强大功能于一身
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2021-08-18 20:54
SkyWalking 是一个应用性能监控系统，特别为微服务、云原生和基于容器（Docker, Kubernetes, Mesos）体系结构而设计。除了应用指标监控以外，它还能对分布式调用链路进行追踪。类似功能的组件还有：Zipkin、Pinpoint、CAT等。
上几张图，看看效果，然后再一步一步搭建并使用：
概念与架构
SkyWalking 是一个开源监控平台，用于从服务和云原生基础设施收集、分析、聚合和可视化数据。SkyWalking提供了一种简单的方法来维护分布式系统的清晰视图，甚至可以跨云查看。它是一种现代APM，专门为云原生、基于容器的分布式系统设计。
SkyWalking 从三个维度对应用进行监视：service（服务）, service instance（实例）, endpoint（端点）
服务和实例就不多说了，端点是服务中的某个路径或者说URI
SkyWalking allows users to understand the topology relationship between Services and Endpoints, to view the metrics of every Service/Service Instance/Endpoint and to set alarm rules.
SkyWalking允许用户了解服务和端点之间的拓扑关系，查看每个服务/服务实例/端点的度量，并设置警报规则。
架构
SkyWalking逻辑上分为四个部分：Probes（探针）, Platform backend（平台后端）, Storage（存储）, UI。
这个结构就很清晰了，探针就是Agent负责采集数据并上报给服务端，服务端对数据进行处理和存储，UI负责展示。
下载与安装
SkyWalking有两中版本，ES版本和非ES版。如果我们决定采用ElasticSearch作为存储，那么就下载es版本。
https://skywalking.apache.org/downloads/ https://archive.apache.org/dist/skywalking/
agent目录将来要拷贝到各服务所在机器上用作探针 bin目录是服务启动脚本 config目录是配置文件 oap-libs目录是oap服务运行所需的jar包 webapp目录是web服务运行所需的jar包
接下来，要选择存储了，支持的存储有：
H2 ElasticSearch 6, 7 MySQL TiDB InfluxDB
作为监控系统，首先排除H2和MySQL，这里推荐InfluxDB，它本身就是时序数据库，非常适合这种场景
但是InfluxDB我不是很熟悉，所以这里先用ElasticSearch7
https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/master/docs/en/setup/backend/backend-storage.md
安装ElasticSearch
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.10/targz.html
# 启动
./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid
# 停止
pkill -F pid
ElasticSearch7.x需要Java 11以上的版本，但是如果你设置了环境变量JAVA_HOME的话，它会用你自己的Java版本
通常，启动过程中会报以下三个错误：
[1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65535]
[2]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]
[3]: the default discovery settings are unsuitable for production use; at least one of [discovery.seed_hosts, discovery.seed_providers, cluster.initial_master_nodes] must be configured
解决方法：在 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件中追加以下内容：
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft nproc 4096
* hard nproc 4096
可通过以下四个命令查看修改结果：
ulimit -Hn
ulimit -Sn
ulimit -Hu
ulimit -Su
修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件，追加以下内容：
vm.max_map_count=262144
修改es配置文件 elasticsearch.yml 取消注释，保留一个节点
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
为了能够ip:port方式访问，还需修改网络配置
network.host: 0.0.0.0
修改完是这样的：
至此，ElasticSearch算是启动成功了，一个节点还不够，这里用三个节点搭建一个集群
192.168.100.14 config/elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name: my-monitor
node.name: node-1
network.host: 192.168.100.14
http.port: 9200
discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
192.168.100.15 config/elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name: my-monitor
node.name: node-2
network.host: 192.168.100.15
http.port: 9200
discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
192.168.100.19 config/elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name: my-monitor
node.name: node-3
network.host: 192.168.100.19
http.port: 9200
discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
同时，建议修改三个节点config/jvm.options
-Xms2g
-Xmx2g
依次启动三个节点
pkill -F pid
./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid
接下来，修改skywalking下config/application.yml 中配置es地址即可
storage:
selector: ${SW_STORAGE:elasticsearch7}
elasticsearch7:
nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:""}
clusterNodes: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:192.168.100.14:9200,192.168.100.15:9200,192.168.100.19:9200}
安装Agent
https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/v8.2.0/docs/en/setup/service-agent/java-agent/README.md
将agent目录拷贝至各服务所在的机器上
scp -r ./agent chengjs@192.168.100.12:~/
这里，我将它拷贝至各个服务目录下
plugins是探针用到各种插件，SkyWalking插件都是即插即用的，可以把optional-plugins中的插件放到plugins中，修改 agent/config/agent.config 配置文件，也可以通过命令行参数指定。
主要是配置服务名称和后端服务地址
agent.service_name=${SW_AGENT_NAME:user-center}
collector.backend_service=${SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES:192.168.100.17:11800}
当然，也可以通过环境变量或系统属性的方式来设置，例如：
export SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES=127.0.0.1:11800
最后，在服务启动的时候用命令行参数 -javaagent 来指定探针
java -javaagent:/path/to/skywalking-agent/skywalking-agent.jar -jar yourApp.jar
例如：
java -javaagent:./agent/skywalking-agent.jar -Dspring.profiles.active=dev -Xms512m -Xmx1024m -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
启动服务
修改 webapp/webapp.yml 文件，更改端口号及后端服务地址
server:
port: 9000
collector:
path: /graphql
ribbon:
ReadTimeout: 10000
# Point to all backend's restHost:restPort, split by ,
listOfServers: 127.0.0.1:12800
启动服务
bin/startup.sh
或者分别依次启动
bin/oapService.sh
bin/webappService.sh
查看logs目录下的日志文件，看是否启动成功，浏览器访问 http://127.0.0.1:9000。
告警
编辑 alarm-settings.yml 设置告警规则和通知
https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/v8.2.0/docs/en/setup/backend/backend-alarm.md
重点说下告警通知
为了使用钉钉机器人通知，接下来，新建一个项目
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.4.0</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.wt.monitor</groupId>
<artifactId>skywalking-alarm</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>skywalking-alarm</name>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>
<artifactId>alibaba-dingtalk-service-sdk</artifactId>
<version>1.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.15</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.75</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
可选依赖（不建议引入）
<dependency
<groupId>org.apache.skywalking</groupId>
<artifactId>server-core</artifactId>
<version>8.2.0</version>
</dependency>
定义告警消息实体类
package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.domain;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* @author ChengJianSheng
* @date 2020/12/1
*/
@Data
public class AlarmMessageDTO implements Serializable {
private int scopeId;
private String scope;
/**
* Target scope entity name
*/
private String name;
private String id0;
private String id1;
private String ruleName;
/**
* Alarm text message
*/
private String alarmMessage;
/**
* Alarm time measured in milliseconds
*/
private long startTime;
}
发送钉钉机器人消息
package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.service;
import com.dingtalk.api.DefaultDingTalkClient;
import com.dingtalk.api.DingTalkClient;
import com.dingtalk.api.request.OapiRobotSendRequest;
import com.taobao.api.ApiException;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
/**
* https://ding-doc.dingtalk.com/doc#/serverapi2/qf2nxq
* @author ChengJianSheng
* @data 2020/12/1
*/
@Slf4j
@Service
public class DingTalkAlarmService {
@Value("${dingtalk.webhook}")
private String webhook;
@Value("${dingtalk.secret}")
private String secret;
public void sendMessage(String content) {
try {
Long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
String stringToSign = timestamp + "\n" + secret;
Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes("UTF-8"), "HmacSHA256"));
byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes("UTF-8"));
String sign = URLEncoder.encode(new String(Base64.encodeBase64(signData)),"UTF-8");
String serverUrl = webhook + "×tamp=" + timestamp + "&sign=" + sign;
DingTalkClient client = new DefaultDingTalkClient(serverUrl);
OapiRobotSendRequest request = new OapiRobotSendRequest();
request.setMsgtype("text");
OapiRobotSendRequest.Text text = new OapiRobotSendRequest.Text();
text.setContent(content);
request.setText(text);
client.execute(request);
} catch (ApiException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
}
AlarmController.java
package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.controller;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.domain.AlarmMessageDTO;
import com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.service.DingTalkAlarmService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author ChengJianSheng
* @date 2020/12/1
*/
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/skywalking")
public class AlarmController {
@Autowired
private DingTalkAlarmService dingTalkAlarmService;
@PostMapping("/alarm")
public void alarm(@RequestBody List<AlarmMessageDTO> alarmMessageDTOList) {
log.info("收到告警信息: {}", JSON.toJSONString(alarmMessageDTOList));
if (null != alarmMessageDTOList) {
alarmMessageDTOList.forEach(e->dingTalkAlarmService.sendMessage(MessageFormat.format("-----来自SkyWalking的告警-----\n【名称】: {0}\n【消息】: {1}\n", e.getName(), e.getAlarmMessage())));
}
}
}
作者：废物大师兄
https://www.cnblogs.com/cjsblog/p/14075486.html
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