一文彻底读懂高性能消息组件Apache Pulsar
内容介绍
Pulsar介绍
Pulsar关键特性
Pulsar vs Kafka
Pulsar架构设计
Pulsar消息机制
Pulsar Schema
Pulsar Functions
Pulsar Connectors
Pulsar Deployment
Pulsar Admin
Pulsar Manager
Pulsar Flink
什么是Pulsar?
Apache Pulsar 是 Apache 软件基金会顶级项目,是下一代云原生分布式消息流平台,集消息、存储、轻量化函数式计算为一体,采用计算与存储分离架构设计,支持多租户、持久化存储、多机房跨区域数据复制,具有强一致性、高吞吐以及低延时的高可扩展流数据存储特性。
Pulsar 的关键特性
Pulsar 的单个实例原生支持多个集群,可跨机房在集群间无缝地完成消息复制。 极低的发布延迟和端到端延迟。 可无缝扩展到超过 一百万 个 topic。 简单的客户端 API,支持 Java、Go、Python 和 C++。 支持多种 topic 订阅模式(独占订阅、共享订阅、故障转移订阅)。 通过 Apache BookKeeper 提供的持久化消息存储机制保证消息传递 。 由轻量级的 serverless 计算框架 Pulsar Functions 实现流原生的数据处理。 基于 Pulsar Functions 的 serverless connector 框架 Pulsar IO 使得数据更易移入、移出 Apache Pulsar。 分层式存储可在数据陈旧时,将数据从热存储卸载到冷/长期存储(如S3、GCS)中。
Pulsar vs Kafka
下方链接为Pulsar与 Kafka详细对比报告,可自行下载查看
https://streamnative.io/en/blog/tech/2020-07-08-pulsar-vs-kafka-part-1
https://streamnative.io/zh/blog/tech/2020-07-22-pulsar-vs-kafka-part-2
性能与可用性
基准测试(StreamNative)
数据来源
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/UZJTOEpzX8foUJv9XMJxOw
https://streamnative.io/en/blog/tech/2020-11-09-benchmark-pulsar-kafka-performance
https://streamnative.io/whitepaper/benchmark-pulsar-vs-kafka
吞吐量(Throughput)
在与 Kafka 的持久性保证相同的情况下,Pulsar 可达到 605 MB/s 的发布和端到端吞吐量(与 Kafka 相同)以及 3.5 GB/s 的 catch-up read 吞吐量(比 Kafka 高 3.5 倍)。Pulsar 的吞吐量不会因分区数量的增加和持久性级别的改变而受到影响,而 Kafka 的吞吐量会因分区数量或持久性级别的改变而受到严重影响。
延迟性(Latency)
在不同的测试实例(包括不同订阅数量、不同主题数量和不同持久性保证)中,Pulsar 的延迟显著低于 Kafka。Pulsar P99 延迟在 5 到 15 毫秒之间。Kafka P99 延迟可能长达数秒,并且会因主题数量、订阅数量和不同持久性保证而受到巨大影响。
功能性
多语言客户端(C/C++、Python、Java、Go ...) 管理工具(Pulsar Manager vs Kafka Manager) 内置流处理Built-In Stream Processing(Pulsar Function vs Kafka Streams) Rich Integrations (Pulsar Connectors) Exactly-Once Processing 日志压缩 多租户(Pulsar) 安全管理(Pulsar)
架构设计
Pulsar采用存储和计算分离的软件架构。在消息领域,Pulsar 是第一个将存储计算分离云原生架构落地的开源项目。由于在 Broker 层不存储任何数据,这种架构为用户带来了更高的可用性、更灵活的扩容和管理、避免数据的 reblance 和 catch-up。
在 Apache Pulsar 的分层架构中,服务层 Broker 和存储层 BookKeeper 的每个节点都是对等的。Broker 仅仅负责消息的服务支持,不存储数据。这为服务层和存储层提供了瞬时的节点扩展和无缝的失效恢复。
持久化存储(Persistent storage)
Pulsar 使用 BookKeeper 分布式日志存储数据库作为存储组件,在底层使用日志作为存储模型。
Pulsar 将所有未确认消息(即未处理消息)存储在 BookKeeper 中的多个“bookie”服务器上。
BookKeeper 通过 Quorum Vote 的方式来实现数据的一致性,跟 Master/Slave 模式不同,BookKeeper 中每个节点也是对等的,对一份数据会并发地同时写入指定数目的存储节点。
一个Topic实际上是一个ledgers流。Ledger本身就是一个日志。所以一系列的子日志(Ledgers)组成了一个父日志(Topic)。
Ledgers追加到一个Topic,条目(消息或者一组消息)追加到Ledgers。Ledger一旦关闭是不可变的。Ledger作为最小的删除单元,也就是说我们不能删除单个条目而是去删除整个Ledger。
Ledgers本身也被分解为多个Fragment。Fragment是BookKeeper集群中最小的分布单元。
每个Ledger(由一个或多个Fragment组成)可以跨多个BookKeeper节点(Bookies)进行复制,以实现数据容灾和提升读取性能。每个Fragment都在一组不同的Bookies中复制(存在足够的Bookies)。
conf/bookkeeper.conf
#############################################################################
## Server parameters
#############################################################################
# Directories BookKeeper outputs its write ahead log.
# Could define multi directories to store write head logs, separated by ','.
journalDirectories=/data/appData/pulsar/bookkeeper/journal
#############################################################################
## Ledger storage settings
#############################################################################
# Directory Bookkeeper outputs ledger snapshots
# could define multi directories to store snapshots, separated by ','
ledgerDirectories=/data/appData/pulsar/bookkeeper/ledgers
conf/broker.conf
### --- Managed Ledger --- ###
# Number of bookies to use when creating a ledger
managedLedgerDefaultEnsembleSize=2
# Number of copies to store for each message
managedLedgerDefaultWriteQuorum=2
# Number of guaranteed copies (acks to wait before write is complete)
managedLedgerDefaultAckQuorum=2
元数据存储(Metadata storage)
Pulsar和BookKeeper都使用Apache Zookeeper来存储元数据和监控节点健康状况。
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar zookeeper-shell
> ls /
[admin, bookies, counters, ledgers, loadbalance, managed-ledgers, namespace, pulsar, schemas, stream, zookeeper]
消息机制
Pulsar 采用发布-订阅(pub-sub)的设计模式 。该设计模式中,producer 发布消息到 topic, Consumer 订阅 topic、处理发布的消息,并在处理完成后发送确认。
一旦创建订阅,即使 consumer 断开连接,Pulsar 仍然可以保存所有消息。在 consumer 确认消息已处理成功后,才会删除消息。
主题(Topic)
逻辑上一个Topic是日志结构,每个消息都在这个日志结构中有一个偏移量。Apache Pulsar使用游标来跟踪偏移量(Cursor Tracking)。
Pulsar 支持两种基本的 topic 类型:持久 topic 与非持久 topic。
{persistent|non-persistent}://tenant/namespace/topic
Non-Partitioned topics
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin topics \
list public/default
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin topics \
create persistent://public/default/input-seed-avro-topic
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin topics \
lookup persistent://public/default/input-seed-avro-topic
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin topics \
delete persistent://public/default/input-seed-avro-topic
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin topics \
stats persistent://public/default/input-seed-avro-topic
$ curl http://server-101:8080/admin/v2/persistent/public/default/exclamation-input/stats | python -m json.tool
Partitioned topics
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin topics \
create-partitioned-topic persistent://public/default/output-seed-avro-topic \
--partitions 2
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin topics \
list-partitioned-topics public/default
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin topics \
get-partitioned-topic-metadata persistent://public/default/output-seed-avro-topic
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin topics \
delete-partitioned-topic persistent://public/default/output-seed-avro-topic
消息(Message)
Messages are the basic "unit" of Pulsar.
public interface Message<T> {
Map getProperties() ;
boolean hasProperty(String var1);
String getProperty(String var1);
byte[] getData();
T getValue();
MessageId getMessageId();
long getPublishTime();
long getEventTime();
long getSequenceId();
String getProducerName();
boolean hasKey();
String getKey();
boolean hasBase64EncodedKey();
byte[] getKeyBytes();
boolean hasOrderingKey();
byte[] getOrderingKey();
String getTopicName();
Optional getEncryptionCtx() ;
int getRedeliveryCount();
byte[] getSchemaVersion();
boolean isReplicated();
String getReplicatedFrom();
}
生产者(Producer)
public void send() throws PulsarClientException {
final String serviceUrl = "pulsar://server-100:6650";
// final String serviceUrl = "pulsar://server-101:6650,server-102:6650,server-103:6650";
// http://pulsar.apache.org/docs/en/client-libraries-java/#client
final PulsarClient client = PulsarClient.builder()
.serviceUrl(serviceUrl)
.connectionTimeout(10000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
.build();
final String topic = "persistent://public/default/topic-sensor-temp";
// http://pulsar.apache.org/docs/en/client-libraries-java/#configure-producer
final Producer<byte[]> producer = client.newProducer()
.producerName("sensor-temp")
.topic(topic)
.compressionType(CompressionType.LZ4)
.enableChunking(true)
.enableBatching(true)
.batchingMaxBytes(1024)
.batchingMaxMessages(10)
.batchingMaxPublishDelay(10, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
.blockIfQueueFull(true)
.maxPendingMessages(512)
.sendTimeout(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.create();
MessageId mid = producer.send("sensor-temp".getBytes());
System.out.printf("\nmessage with ID %s successfully sent", mid);
mid = producer.newMessage()
.key("sensor-temp-key")
.value("sensor-temp-key".getBytes())
.property("my-key", "my-value")
.property("my-other-key", "my-other-value")
.send();
System.out.printf("message-key with ID %s successfully sent", mid);
producer.close();
client.close();
}
消费者(Consumer)
public void consume() throws PulsarClientException {
final String serviceUrl = "pulsar://server-101:6650";
final String topic = "input-seed-avro-topic";
final PulsarClient client = PulsarClient.builder()
.serviceUrl(serviceUrl)
.enableTcpNoDelay(true)
.build();
final Consumer<byte[]> consumer = client
.newConsumer()
.consumerName("seed-avro-consumer")
.subscriptionName("seed-avro-subscription")
.subscriptionType(SubscriptionType.Exclusive)
.subscriptionInitialPosition(SubscriptionInitialPosition.Earliest)
.topic(topic)
.receiverQueueSize(10)
.subscribe();
final AvroSchema schema = AvroSchema.of(SeedEvent.class);
while (true) {
try {
final Message<byte[]> msg = consumer.receive();
LOG.info("接收消息:[{}] topic:{} mid:{} sid:{} event:{} publish:{} producer:{} key:{} value:{}",
Thread.currentThread().getId(),
msg.getTopicName(),
msg.getMessageId(),
msg.getSequenceId(),
msg.getEventTime(),
msg.getPublishTime(),
msg.getProducerName(),
msg.getKey(), schema.decode(msg.getValue()));
try {
consumer.acknowledge(msg);
} catch (final PulsarClientException e) {
consumer.negativeAcknowledge(msg);
LOG.error("acknowledge:" + e.getLocalizedMessage(), e);
}
} catch (final PulsarClientException e) {
LOG.error("receive:" + e.getLocalizedMessage(), e);
}
}
}
订阅(Subscriptions)
消费者通过订阅来消费Topic中的消息。订阅是游标(跟踪偏移量)的逻辑实体,一个Topic可以添加多个订阅。订阅不包含消息的数据,只包含元数据和游标。
每个Subscription都存储一个Cursor。Cursor是日志中的当前偏移量。Subscription将其Cursor存储至BookKeeper的Ledger中。这使Cursor跟踪可以像Topic一样进行扩展。
订阅类型(subscription-type)
Exclusive 独享
一个订阅只能有一个消息者消费消息。
Failover 灾备
一个订阅同时只有一个消费者,可以有多个备份消费者。一旦主消费者故障则备份消费者接管。不会出现同时有两个活跃的消费者。
Shared 共享
一个订阅中同时可以有多个消费者,多个消费者共享Topic中的消息。
Key_Shared
有序性保证(Ordering guarantee)
如果对顺序性有要求,可以使用 Exclusive 和 Failover 的订阅模式,这样同一个 Topic 只有一个 Consumer 在消费,可以保证顺序性。
如果使用 Shared 订阅模式,多个 Consumer 可以并发消费同一个 Topic。通过动态增加 Consumer 的数量,可以加速 Topic 的消费,减少消息在服务端的堆积。
KeyShared 模式保证在 Shared 模式下同一个 Key 的消息也会发送到同一个 Consumer,在并发的同时也保证了顺序性。
多主题订阅(Multi-topic subscriptions)
Pattern:
persistent://public/default/.* persistent://public/default/foo.*
Reader
public void read() throws IOException {
final String serviceUrl = "pulsar://server-101:6650";
final PulsarClient client = PulsarClient.builder()
.serviceUrl(serviceUrl)
.build();
// http://pulsar.apache.org/docs/en/client-libraries-java/#reader
final Reader<byte[]> reader = client.newReader()
.topic("my-topic")
.startMessageId(MessageId.earliest()) // MessageId.latest
.create();
while (true)
final Message<byte[]> message = reader.readNext();
System.out.println(new String(message.getData()));
}
}
分片主题(Partitioned topics)
消息保留和过期(Message retention and expiry)
如果没有对Topic设置数据保留策略,一旦一个Topic的所有订阅的游标都已经成功消费到一个偏移量时,此偏移量前面的消息就会被自动删除。
如果Topic设置了数据保留策略,已经消费确认的消息超过保留策略阈值(Topic的消息存储大小、Topic中消息保留的时间)后会被删除。
conf/broker.conf
# Default message retention time
# 默认0, 修改为3天=60*24*3
defaultRetentionTimeInMinutes=4320
# Default retention size
# 默认为0, 修改为10G
defaultRetentionSizeInMB=10240
# Default ttl for namespaces if ttl is not already configured at namespace policies. (disable default-ttl with value 0)
ttlDurationDefaultInSeconds=0
retention policy (for a namespace)
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin namespaces \
get-retention public/default
$ curl -X GET http://server-101:8080/admin/v2/namespaces/public/default/retention | python -m json.tool
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin namespaces \
set-retention public/default \
--size 1024M \
--time 5m
$ curl -X POST http://server-101:8080/admin/v2/namespaces/public/default/retention \
--header "Content-Type:application/json" \
--data '{
"retentionTimeInMinutes" : 5,
"retentionSizeInMB" : 1024
}'
message expiry / message-ttl
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin namespaces \
get-message-ttl public/default
$ curl -X GET http://server-101:8080/admin/v2/namespaces/public/default/messageTTL
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin namespaces \
set-message-ttl public/default \
--messageTTL 1800
$ curl -X POST http://server-101:8080/admin/v2/namespaces/public/default/messageTTL \
--header "Content-Type:application/json" \
--data '1800'
Pulsar Schema
Pulsar schema enables you to use language-specific types of data when constructing and handling messages from simple types to more complex application-specific types.
类型安全(序列化和反序列化) Schema 帮助 Pulsar 保留了数据在其他系统中原有的含义
Schema类型(Schema type)
Primitive type
Producer producer = client.newProducer(Schema.STRING).create();
producer.newMessage().value("Hello Pulsar!").send();
Consumer consumer = client.newConsumer(Schema.STRING).subscribe();
consumer.receive();
Complex type
1. keyvalue key/value pair.
Schema> schema = Schema.KeyValue(
Schema.INT32,
Schema.STRING,
KeyValueEncodingType.SEPARATED
);
// Producer
Producer> producer = client.newProducer(schema)
.topic(TOPIC)
.create();
final int key = 100;
final String value = "value-100";
producer.newMessage().value(new KeyValue<>(key, value)).send();
// Consumer
Consumer> consumer = client.newConsumer(schema)
.topic(TOPIC).subscriptionName(SubscriptionName).subscribe();
Message> msg = consumer.receive();
2.struct AVRO, JSON, and Protobuf.
Producer producer = client.newProducer(Schema.AVRO(User.class)).create();
producer.newMessage().value(User.builder().userName("pulsar-user").userId(1L).build()).send();
Consumer consumer = client.newConsumer(Schema.AVRO(User.class)).subscribe();
User user = consumer.receive();
Schema工作方式(How does schema work)
Producer
Consumer
Schema管理(Schema manual management)
查询Schema
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin schemas \
get persistent://public/default/spirit-avro-topic
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin schemas \
get persistent://public/default/spirit-avro-topic \
--version=2
更新Schema
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin schemas upload \
persistent://public/default/test-topic \
--filename $PULSAR_HOME/connectors/json-schema.json
提取Schema
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin schemas \
extract persistent://public/default/test-topic \
--classname com.cloudwise.modal.Packet \
--jar ~/cloudwise-pulsar-1.0.0-RELEASE.jar \
--type json
public void schemaInfo() {
System.out.println("AvroSchema:" + AvroSchema.of(SeedEvent.class).getSchemaInfo());
System.out.println("Schema.AVRO:" + Schema.AVRO(SeedEvent.class).getSchemaInfo());
}
删除Schema
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin schemas \
delete persistent://public/default/spirit-avro-topic
Pulsar Functions
编程模型(Programming model)
开启Functions
conf/bookkeeper.conf
extraServerComponents=org.apache.bookkeeper.stream.server.StreamStorageLifecycleComponent
conf/broker.conf
functionsWorkerEnabled=true
conf/functions_worker.yml
pulsarFunctionsCluster: pulsar-cluster
numFunctionPackageReplicas: 2
窗口(window)
windowLengthCount 每个窗口的消息数量 slidingIntervalCount 窗口滑动后的消息数量 windowLengthDurationMs 窗口时间 slidingIntervalDurationMs 窗口滑动后的时间
开窗函数
public class WordCountWindowFunction implements org.apache.pulsar.functions.api.WindowFunction<String, Void> {
@Override
public Void process(Collection> inputs, WindowContext context) throws Exception {
for (Record input : inputs) {
}
return null;
}
}
运行函数
时间,滑动窗口
--user-config '{"windowLengthDurationMs":"60000", "slidingIntervalDurationMs":"1000"}'
时间,滚动窗口
--user-config '{"windowLengthDurationMs":"60000"}'
数量,滑动窗口
--user-config '{"windowLengthCount":"100", "slidingIntervalCount":"10"}'
数量,滚动窗口
--user-config '{"windowLengthCount":"100"}'
Java编程
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.pulsargroupId>
<artifactId>pulsar-clientartifactId>
<version>${pulsar.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.pulsargroupId>
<artifactId>pulsar-functions-apiartifactId>
<version>${pulsar.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.pulsargroupId>
<artifactId>pulsar-functions-local-runnerartifactId>
<version>${pulsar.version}version>
dependency>
WordCount
public class WordCountFunction implements org.apache.pulsar.functions.api.Function<String, Void> {
@Override
public Void process(String input, Context context) throws Exception {
Arrays.asList(input.split(" ")).forEach(word -> {
String counterKey = word.toLowerCase();
if (context.getCounter(counterKey) == 0) {
context.putState(counterKey, ByteBuffer.wrap(ByteUtils.from(100)));
}
context.incrCounter(counterKey, 1);
});
return null;
}
}
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin functions create \
--broker-service-url pulsar://server-101:6650 \
--jar target/cloudwise-pulsar-functions-with-dependencies.jar \
--classname com.cloudwise.quickstart.pulsar.functions.WordCountFunction \
--tenant public \
--namespace default \
--name word-count-function \
--inputs persistent://public/default/sentences \
--output persistent://public/default/wordcount
动态路由
/**
* 基本思路是检查每条消息的内容,根据消息内容将消息路由到不同目的地。
*/
public class RoutingFunction implements org.apache.pulsar.functions.api.Function<String, String> {
@Override
public String process(String input, Context context) throws Exception {
String regex = context.getUserConfigValue("regex").toString();
String matchedTopic = context.getUserConfigValue("matched-topic").toString();
String unmatchedTopic = context.getUserConfigValue("unmatched-topic").toString();
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(input);
if (matcher.matches()) {
context.newOutputMessage(matchedTopic, Schema.STRING).value(input).send();
} else {
context.newOutputMessage(unmatchedTopic, Schema.STRING).value(input).send();
}
return null;
}
}
log-topic
public class LoggingFunction implements org.apache.pulsar.functions.api.Function<String, Void> {
@Override
public Void process(String s, Context context) throws Exception {
Logger LOG = context.getLogger();
String messageId = context.getFunctionId();
if (s.contains("danger")) {
LOG.warn("A warning was received in message {}", messageId);
} else {
LOG.info("Message {} received\nContent: {}", messageId, s);
}
return null;
}
}
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin functions create \
--jar cloudwise-pulsar-functions-1.0.0.jar \
--classname com.cloudwise.quickstart.pulsar.functions.LoggingFunction \
--log-topic persistent://public/default/logging-function-logs
user-config
public class UserConfigFunction implements org.apache.pulsar.functions.api.Function<String, Void> {
@Override
public Void process(String s, Context context) throws Exception {
Logger log = context.getLogger();
Optional
Pulsar Connectors
消息处理(Processing guarantee)
at-most-once at-least-once effectively-once
操作流程(JDBC sink)
Add a configuration file. Create a schema. Upload a schema to a topic. Create a JDBC sink Stop a JDBC sink Restart a JDBC sink Update a JDBC sink
内建连接器(Built-in connector)
Source connector
Canal File Flume Kafka RabbitMQ
Sink connector
ElasticSearch/Solr Flume HBase HDFS2/HDFS3 InfluxDB JDBC ClickHouse/MariaDB/PostgreSQL Kafka MongoDB RabbitMQ Redis
ClickHouse Sink
创建表
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS monitor;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS monitor.pulsar_clickhouse_jdbc_sink
(
id UInt32,
name String
) ENGINE = TinyLog;
INSERT INTO monitor.pulsar_clickhouse_jdbc_sink (id, name)
VALUES (1, 'tmp');
SELECT *
FROM monitor.pulsar_clickhouse_jdbc_sink;
创建配置
$ vi $PULSAR_HOME/connectors/pulsar-clickhouse-jdbc-sink.yaml
{
"userName": "sysop",
"password": "123456",
"jdbcUrl": "jdbc:clickhouse://server-101:8123/monitor",
"tableName": "pulsar_clickhouse_jdbc_sink"
}
创建schema
$ vi $PULSAR_HOME/connectors/json-schema.json
{
"name": "",
"schema": {
"type": "record",
"name": "SeedEvent",
"namespace": "com.cloudwise.quickstart.model",
"fields": [
{
"name": "id",
"type": [
"null",
"int"
]
},
{
"name": "name",
"type": [
"null",
"string"
]
}
]
},
"type": "JSON",
"properties": {
"__alwaysAllowNull": "true",
"__jsr310ConversionEnabled": "false"
}
}
上传schema
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin schemas upload \
pulsar-postgres-jdbc-sink-topic \
-f $PULSAR_HOME/connectors/json-schema.json
运行
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin sinks create \
--tenant public \
--namespace default \
--name pulsar-clickhouse-jdbc-sink \
--inputs pulsar-clickhouse-jdbc-sink-topic \
--sink-config-file $PULSAR_HOME/connectors/pulsar-clickhouse-jdbc-sink.yaml \
--archive $PULSAR_HOME/connectors/pulsar-io-jdbc-clickhouse-2.6.2.nar \
--processing-guarantees EFFECTIVELY_ONCE \
--parallelism 1
Pulsar Deployment
目录结构
/opt/pulsar-2.6.2
├── bin
│ ├── bookkeeper
│ ├── function-localrunner
│ ├── proto
│ ├── pulsar
│ ├── pulsar-admin
│ ├── pulsar-admin-common.sh
│ ├── pulsar-client
│ ├── pulsar-daemon
│ ├── pulsar-managed-ledger-admin
│ └── pulsar-perf
├── conf
│ ├── bkenv.sh
│ ├── bookkeeper.conf
│ ├── broker.conf
│ ├── client.conf
│ ├── discovery.conf
│ ├── filesystem_offload_core_site.xml
│ ├── functions-logging
│ ├── functions_worker.yml
│ ├── global_zookeeper.conf
│ ├── log4j2-scripts
│ ├── log4j2.yaml
│ ├── presto
│ ├── proxy.conf
│ ├── pulsar_env.sh
│ ├── pulsar_tools_env.sh
│ ├── schema_example.conf
│ ├── standalone.conf
│ ├── websocket.conf
│ └── zookeeper.conf
├── examples
│ ├── api-examples.jar
│ ├── example-function-config.yaml
│ ├── example-window-function-config.yaml
│ └── python-examples
├── instances
│ ├── deps
│ ├── java-instance.jar
│ └── python-instance
├── lib
│ └── presto
├── LICENSE
├── licenses
├── NOTICE
└── README
单机(Standalone)
# 前台启动
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar standalone
# 后台启动
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-daemon start standalone
$ jps | grep -v Jps
1873 PulsarStandaloneStarter
# 后台停止
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-daemon stop standalone -force
集群(Cluster)
部署ZooKeeper集群 初始化集群元信息 部署BookKeeper集群 部署一个或多个PulsarBroker
客户端(Client)
# consumer
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-client consume \
persistent://public/default/seed-avro-topic \
--subscription-name cli-pack-avro-subscription \
--subscription-type Exclusive \
--subscription-position Latest \
--num-messages 0
# producer
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-client produce \
persistent://public/default/seed-avro-topic \
--num-produce 100 \
--messages "Hello Pulsar" \
--separator ","
Pulsar Admin
API
pulsar-admin REST API
源码:apache-pulsar-2.6.2-src/pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/admin/v2/*.java
Bookies.java Namespaces.java Tenants.java
BrokerStats.java NonPersistentTopics.java Worker.java
Brokers.java PersistentTopics.java WorkerStats.java
Clusters.java ResourceQuotas.java
Functions.java SchemasResource.java
Java admin client
public void createNonPartitionedTopic() throws PulsarClientException {
final String serviceHttpUrl = "http://10.2.2.26:8080";
final PulsarAdmin admin = PulsarAdmin.builder()
.serviceHttpUrl(serviceHttpUrl)
.build();
try {
final String namespace = "public/monitor";
List topics = admin.topics().getList(namespace);
topics.forEach(t -> System.err.println("before topic:" + t));
// 以下几种写法是等效的
// final String topic = "input-3-seed-avro-topic";
// final String topic = "public/monitor/input-seed-avro-topic";
final String topic = "persistent://public/default/input-5-seed-avro-topic";
if (topics.indexOf(topic) == -1) {
admin.topics().createNonPartitionedTopic(topic);
admin.schemas().createSchema(topic,
AvroSchema.of(SeedEvent.class).getSchemaInfo());
}
topics = admin.topics().getList(namespace);
topics.forEach(t -> System.err.println("after topic:" + t));
System.err.println("schema:" + admin.schemas().getSchemaInfo(topic));
} catch (final PulsarAdminException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
admin.close();
}
Manage Pulsar
Clusters
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin clusters
Tenants
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin tenants
Brokers
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin brokers
Namespaces
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin namespaces
Permissions Persistent topics Non-Persistent topics Partitioned topics Non-Partitioned topics
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin topics
Schemas
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin schemas
Functions
$ $PULSAR_HOME/bin/pulsar-admin functions
Pulsar Manager
http://pulsar.apache.org/docs/zh-CN/administration-pulsar-manager/
https://github.com/apache/pulsar-manager
WebUI
http://localhost:7750/ui/index.html
username/password: admin/123456
Environments
Management
Clusters
Tenants
Namespaces
Topics
Tokents
Pulsar Flink
https://github.com/streamnative/pulsar-flink
https://dl.bintray.com/streamnative/maven/io/streamnative/connectors/
pom.xml
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8java.version>
<flink.version>1.11.2flink.version>
<scala.binary.version>2.12scala.binary.version>
<maven.compiler.source>${java.version}maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>${java.version}maven.compiler.target>
properties>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>centralid>
<layout>defaultlayout>
<url>https://repo1.maven.org/maven2url>
repository>
<repository>
<id>bintrayid>
<name>bintrayname>
<url>https://dl.bintray.com/streamnative/mavenurl>
repository>
repositories>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.flinkgroupId>
<artifactId>flink-clients_${scala.binary.version}artifactId>
<version>${flink.version}version>
<scope>providedscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.flinkgroupId>
<artifactId>flink-javaartifactId>
<version>${flink.version}version>
<scope>providedscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.flinkgroupId>
<artifactId>flink-streaming-java_${scala.binary.version}artifactId>
<version>${flink.version}version>
<scope>providedscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.flinkgroupId>
<artifactId>flink-table-planner_${scala.binary.version}artifactId>
<version>${flink.version}version>
<scope>providedscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.flinkgroupId>
<artifactId>flink-statebackend-rocksdb_${scala.binary.version}artifactId>
<version>${flink.version}version>
<scope>providedscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.streamnative.connectorsgroupId>
<artifactId>pulsar-flink-${scala.binary.version}-${flink.version}artifactId>
<version>2.5.4.1version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.flinkgroupId>
<artifactId>flink-avroartifactId>
<version>${flink.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.flinkgroupId>
<artifactId>flink-jsonartifactId>
<version>${flink.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12artifactId>
<version>1.7.7version>
<scope>runtimescope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4jgroupId>
<artifactId>log4jartifactId>
<version>1.2.17version>
<scope>runtimescope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junitgroupId>
<artifactId>junitartifactId>
<version>4.12version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
FlinkPulsarSink
public class PulsarSinkJob {
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PulsarSinkJob.class);
public static SourceFunction getSeedSource() {
final int interval = 5000;
return new PeriodicEventSource<>(
Integer.MAX_VALUE, interval, new PeriodicEventSource.Creator() {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
public Collection build(long i) {
return Arrays.stream(new String[]{"TEM-A-01", "HUM-A-01", "PRS-A-01"})
.map(code -> {
final SeedEvent event = new SeedEvent(
Instant.now().toEpochMilli(), code, Long.toString(i));
LOG.info("创建消息:[{}] {}", Thread.currentThread().getId(), event);
return event;
})
.collect(Collectors.toList());
}
@Override
public Class clazz() {
return SeedEvent.class;
}
});
}
public static FlinkPulsarSink getPulsarSink(ParameterTool params) {
// String adminUrl = "http://server-101:8080,server-102:8080,server-103:8080";
final String serviceUrl = params.get("serviceUrl", "pulsar://10.2.2.26:6650");
final String adminUrl = params.get("adminUrl", "http://10.2.2.26:8080");
final String outputTopic = params.get("topic", "output-seed-avro-topic");
final String authPlugin = "org.apache.pulsar.client.impl.auth.AuthenticationToken";
final String authParams = params.get("authParams");
final Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.FLUSH_ON_CHECKPOINT_OPTION_KEY, "true");
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.PARTITION_DISCOVERY_INTERVAL_MS_OPTION_KEY, "5000");
final ClientConfigurationData clientConf = new ClientConfigurationData();
clientConf.setServiceUrl(serviceUrl);
clientConf.setConnectionTimeoutMs(6000);
clientConf.setUseTcpNoDelay(true);
if (!StringUtils.isNullOrWhitespaceOnly(authParams)) {
clientConf.setUseTls(true);
clientConf.setAuthPluginClassName(authPlugin);
clientConf.setAuthParams(authParams);
}
final TopicKeyExtractor topicKeyExtractor = new TopicKeyExtractor() {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
public byte[] serializeKey(SeedEvent element) {
LOG.info("serializeKey:[{}] {}", Thread.currentThread().getId(), element);
return element.getCode().getBytes();
}
@Override
public String getTopic(SeedEvent element) {
return null;
}
};
final FlinkPulsarSink sink = new FlinkPulsarSink<>(
adminUrl, Optional.of(outputTopic), clientConf, props, topicKeyExtractor, SeedEvent.class);
return sink;
}
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public static void main(String[] args) {
final ParameterTool params = ParameterTool.fromArgs(args);
final StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
env.setStreamTimeCharacteristic(TimeCharacteristic.ProcessingTime);
env.setRestartStrategy(RestartStrategies.fixedDelayRestart(4, 10000));
env.setStateBackend(new RocksDBStateBackend(new FsStateBackend("file:///tmp/checkpoint/")));
env.enableCheckpointing(5000, CheckpointingMode.EXACTLY_ONCE);
// Job取消和故障时会保留Checkpoint数据, 以便根据实际需要恢复到指定的Checkpoint
env.getCheckpointConfig().enableExternalizedCheckpoints(
CheckpointConfig.ExternalizedCheckpointCleanup.RETAIN_ON_CANCELLATION);
// 确保Checkpoint之间有至少500ms的间隔(Checkpoint最小间隔)
env.getCheckpointConfig().setMinPauseBetweenCheckpoints(500);
// 检查点必须在一分钟内完成, 否则被丢弃(Checkpoint的超时时间)
env.getCheckpointConfig().setCheckpointTimeout(60000);
// 同一时间只允许进行一个检查点
env.getCheckpointConfig().setMaxConcurrentCheckpoints(1);
env.getConfig().setGlobalJobParameters(params);
// DataStream stream = env.fromCollection(getSeedEvents()).name("Collection");
final DataStream stream = env.addSource(getSeedSource()).name("SourceFunction");
final DataStream result = stream
.keyBy(new KeySelector() {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
public String getKey(SeedEvent value) throws Exception {
return value.getCode();
}
})
.process(new KeyedProcessFunction() {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private Map infos;
private transient ListState state;
@Override
public void open(Configuration parameters) throws Exception {
LOG.info("open...");
this.state = getRuntimeContext().getListState(
new ListStateDescriptor<>("state", String.class));
this.infos = new HashMap<>();
this.infos.put("open", LocalDateTime.now().toString());
}
@Override
public void close() throws Exception {
LOG.info("close...");
}
@Override
public void processElement(SeedEvent value,
KeyedProcessFunction.Context ctx, Collector out)
throws Exception {
LOG.info("processElement...");
final StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
this.state.get().forEach(t -> buffer.append(t));
LOG.info("CurrentKey:{} Input:{} State:{} Infos:{}",
ctx.getCurrentKey(), value, buffer, this.infos);
value.setPayload("[Prev]" + value.getPayload());
this.state.clear();
this.state.add(value.toString());
out.collect(value);
}
})
.setParallelism(1);
result
.print()
.setParallelism(1);
result
.addSink(getPulsarSink(params))
.name("FlinkPulsarSink")
.setParallelism(2);
LOG.info("ExecutionPlan:{}", env.getExecutionPlan());
try {
env.execute("PulsarSinkJob");
} catch (final Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
FlinkPulsarSource
public class PulsarSourceJob {
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PulsarSourceJob.class);
public static FlinkPulsarSource getPulsarSource(ParameterTool params) {
// String serviceUrl = "pulsar://server-101:6650,server-102:6650,server-103:6650";
// String adminUrl = "http://server-101:8080,server-102:8080,server-103:8080";
// final String serviceUrl = params.get("serviceUrl", "pulsar://server-101:6650");
// final String adminUrl = params.get("adminUrl", "http://server-101:8080");
final String serviceUrl = params.get("serviceUrl", "pulsar://10.2.2.26:6650");
final String adminUrl = params.get("adminUrl", "http://10.2.2.26:8080");
// final String inputTopic = params.get("topic", "input-1-seed-avro-topic");
// final String subscription = params.get("subscription", "seed-subscription");
final String inputTopics = params.get("topic", "persistent://public/yang11/zlp.gjsjbz.gjbzcd3");
// final String inputTopics = params.get("topic", "public/monitor/input-0-seed-avro-topic");
final String subscription = params.get("subscription", "mutil-seed-subscription");
// final String inputTopicPatten = params.get("topicPatten", "input-1-seed-avro-topic");
// final String subscription = params.get("subscription", "patten-seed-subscription");
final String authPlugin = "org.apache.pulsar.client.impl.auth.AuthenticationToken";
final String authParams = params.get("authParams");
final Properties props = new Properties();
// http://pulsar.apache.org/docs/en/client-libraries-java/#reader
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.PULSAR_READER_OPTION_KEY_PREFIX + "receiverQueueSize", "2000");
// props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.TOPIC_SINGLE_OPTION_KEY, inputTopic);
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.TOPIC_MULTI_OPTION_KEY, inputTopics);
// props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.TOPIC_PATTERN_OPTION_KEY, inputTopicPatten);
// org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.pulsar.internal.SourceSinkUtils.getPartitionDiscoveryIntervalInMillis
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.PARTITION_DISCOVERY_INTERVAL_MS_OPTION_KEY, "5000"); // 自动发现topic时间间隔,默认-1
// org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.pulsar.internal.SourceSinkUtils.getClientCacheSize
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.CLIENT_CACHE_SIZE_OPTION_KEY, "5");
// org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.pulsar.internal.SourceSinkUtils.flushOnCheckpoint
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.FLUSH_ON_CHECKPOINT_OPTION_KEY, "true");
// org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.pulsar.internal.SourceSinkUtils.failOnWrite
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.FAIL_ON_WRITE_OPTION_KEY, "false");
// org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.pulsar.internal.SourceSinkUtils.getPollTimeoutMs
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.POLL_TIMEOUT_MS_OPTION_KEY, "120000");
// org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.pulsar.internal.PulsarFetcher
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.SUBSCRIPTION_ROLE_OPTION_KEY, subscription);
// org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.pulsar.internal.SourceSinkUtils.getCommitMaxRetries
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.COMMIT_MAX_RETRIES, "3");
// org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.pulsar.internal.PulsarFetcher.PulsarFetcher
props.setProperty(PulsarOptions.FAIL_ON_DATA_LOSS_OPTION_KEY, "false");
final ClientConfigurationData clientConf = new ClientConfigurationData();
clientConf.setServiceUrl(serviceUrl);
clientConf.setConnectionTimeoutMs(6000);
if (!StringUtils.isNullOrWhitespaceOnly(authParams)) {
clientConf.setUseTls(true);
clientConf.setAuthPluginClassName(authPlugin);
clientConf.setAuthParams(authParams);
}
PulsarDeserializationSchema deserializer = null;
deserializer = new PulsarDeserializationSchemaWrapper<>(AvroDeser.of(SeedEvent.class));
deserializer = new PulsarDeserializationSchema() {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private final DeserializationSchema schema = AvroDeser.of(SeedEvent.class);
public void open(DeserializationSchema.InitializationContext context) throws Exception {
this.schema.open(context);
}
@Override
public TypeInformation getProducedType() {
return this.schema.getProducedType();
}
@Override
public boolean isEndOfStream(SeedEvent nextElement) {
return this.schema.isEndOfStream(nextElement);
}
@Override
public SeedEvent deserialize(@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") Message message) throws IOException {
LOG.info("{}", new String(message.getData()));
final SeedEvent value = new SeedEvent();
// final SeedEvent value = this.schema.deserialize(message.getData());
LOG.info("接收消息:[{}] topic:{} mid:{} sid:{} event:{} publish:{} producer:{} key:{} value:{}",
Thread.currentThread().getId(),
message.getTopicName(),
message.getMessageId(),
message.getSequenceId(),
message.getEventTime(),
message.getPublishTime(),
message.getProducerName(),
message.getKey(), value);
return value;
}
};
final FlinkPulsarSource source = new FlinkPulsarSource<>(
adminUrl, clientConf, deserializer, props);
source.setStartFromEarliest();
// source.setStartFromSubscription(subscription);
// source.setStartFromLatest();
return source;
}
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public static void main(String[] args) {
final ParameterTool params = ParameterTool.fromArgs(args);
final StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
env.setStreamTimeCharacteristic(TimeCharacteristic.ProcessingTime);
env.setStateBackend(new RocksDBStateBackend(new FsStateBackend("file:///tmp/checkpoint/")));
env.setRestartStrategy(RestartStrategies.fixedDelayRestart(4, 10000));
// 必须开启Checkpoint, 才能从上一次未消费处开始消费, 否则从头开始消费
env.enableCheckpointing(5000, CheckpointingMode.EXACTLY_ONCE);
env.getConfig().setGlobalJobParameters(params);
env.setParallelism(1);
final DataStream stream = env
.addSource(getPulsarSource(params))
.name("FlinkPulsarSource")
.uid("PulsarSource")
.setParallelism(1)
.map(new MapFunction() {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
public String map(SeedEvent value) throws Exception {
return "[SourceJob]" + value;
}
});
stream
.print()
.name("[Print]")
.uid("PrintSink")
.setParallelism(1);
try {
env.execute("PulsarSourceJob");
} catch (final Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
“讲师介绍:Larry Zhang (张磊) ,云智慧服务工程部-服务效能二部运维开发工程师,致力于云智慧开源项目运维管理平台(OMP)的产品研发,支撑内部交付体系快速部署监控产品,拥有丰富的运维管理平台和PaaS平台设计开发经验。
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