看看人家 SpringBoot 的全局异常处理,多么优雅...
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2021-04-14 07:19
阅读本文大概需要 8 分钟。
来自:https://www.cnblogs.com/xuwujing/p/10933082.html
本篇文章主要介绍的是SpringBoot项目进行全局异常的处理。
SpringBoot全局异常准备
开发准备
JDK:1.8
SpringBoot:1.5.17.RELEASE
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.17.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath />
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring Boot Web 依赖 核心 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring Boot Test 依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.41</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
代码编写
ControllerAdvice
的注解,使用该注解表示开启了全局异常的捕获,我们只需在自定义一个方法使用ExceptionHandler
注解然后定义捕获异常的类型即可对这些捕获的异常进行统一的处理。@ControllerAdvice
public class MyExceptionHandler {
@ExceptionHandler(value =Exception.class)
public String exceptionHandler(Exception e){
System.out.println("未知异常!原因是:"+e);
return e.getMessage();
}
}
public interface BaseErrorInfoInterface {
/** 错误码*/
String getResultCode();
/** 错误描述*/
String getResultMsg();
}
public enum CommonEnum implements BaseErrorInfoInterface {
// 数据操作错误定义
SUCCESS("200", "成功!"),
BODY_NOT_MATCH("400","请求的数据格式不符!"),
SIGNATURE_NOT_MATCH("401","请求的数字签名不匹配!"),
NOT_FOUND("404", "未找到该资源!"),
INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR("500", "服务器内部错误!"),
SERVER_BUSY("503","服务器正忙,请稍后再试!")
;
/** 错误码 */
private String resultCode;
/** 错误描述 */
private String resultMsg;
CommonEnum(String resultCode, String resultMsg) {
this.resultCode = resultCode;
this.resultMsg = resultMsg;
}
@Override
public String getResultCode() {
return resultCode;
}
@Override
public String getResultMsg() {
return resultMsg;
}
}
public class BizException extends RuntimeException {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* 错误码
*/
protected String errorCode;
/**
* 错误信息
*/
protected String errorMsg;
public BizException() {
super();
}
public BizException(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfoInterface) {
super(errorInfoInterface.getResultCode());
this.errorCode = errorInfoInterface.getResultCode();
this.errorMsg = errorInfoInterface.getResultMsg();
}
public BizException(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfoInterface, Throwable cause) {
super(errorInfoInterface.getResultCode(), cause);
this.errorCode = errorInfoInterface.getResultCode();
this.errorMsg = errorInfoInterface.getResultMsg();
}
public BizException(String errorMsg) {
super(errorMsg);
this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
}
public BizException(String errorCode, String errorMsg) {
super(errorCode);
this.errorCode = errorCode;
this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
}
public BizException(String errorCode, String errorMsg, Throwable cause) {
super(errorCode, cause);
this.errorCode = errorCode;
this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
}
public String getErrorCode() {
return errorCode;
}
public void setErrorCode(String errorCode) {
this.errorCode = errorCode;
}
public String getErrorMsg() {
return errorMsg;
}
public void setErrorMsg(String errorMsg) {
this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
}
public String getMessage() {
return errorMsg;
}
@Override
public Throwable fillInStackTrace() {
return this;
}
}
public class ResultBody {
/**
* 响应代码
*/
private String code;
/**
* 响应消息
*/
private String message;
/**
* 响应结果
*/
private Object result;
public ResultBody() {
}
public ResultBody(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfo) {
this.code = errorInfo.getResultCode();
this.message = errorInfo.getResultMsg();
}
public String getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
public Object getResult() {
return result;
}
public void setResult(Object result) {
this.result = result;
}
/**
* 成功
*
* @return
*/
public static ResultBody success() {
return success(null);
}
/**
* 成功
* @param data
* @return
*/
public static ResultBody success(Object data) {
ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
rb.setCode(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultCode());
rb.setMessage(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultMsg());
rb.setResult(data);
return rb;
}
/**
* 失败
*/
public static ResultBody error(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfo) {
ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
rb.setCode(errorInfo.getResultCode());
rb.setMessage(errorInfo.getResultMsg());
rb.setResult(null);
return rb;
}
/**
* 失败
*/
public static ResultBody error(String code, String message) {
ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
rb.setCode(code);
rb.setMessage(message);
rb.setResult(null);
return rb;
}
/**
* 失败
*/
public static ResultBody error( String message) {
ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
rb.setCode("-1");
rb.setMessage(message);
rb.setResult(null);
return rb;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return JSONObject.toJSONString(this);
}
}
@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class);
/**
* 处理自定义的业务异常
* @param req
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value = BizException.class)
@ResponseBody
public ResultBody bizExceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, BizException e){
logger.error("发生业务异常!原因是:{}",e.getErrorMsg());
return ResultBody.error(e.getErrorCode(),e.getErrorMsg());
}
/**
* 处理空指针的异常
* @param req
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value =NullPointerException.class)
@ResponseBody
public ResultBody exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, NullPointerException e){
logger.error("发生空指针异常!原因是:",e);
return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.BODY_NOT_MATCH);
}
/**
* 处理其他异常
* @param req
* @param e
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value =Exception.class)
@ResponseBody
public ResultBody exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, Exception e){
logger.error("未知异常!原因是:",e);
return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
}
}
public class User implements Serializable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/** 编号 */
private int id;
/** 姓名 */
private String name;
/** 年龄 */
private int age;
public User(){
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String toString() {
return JSONObject.toJSONString(this);
}
}
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/api")
public class UserRestController {
@PostMapping("/user")
public boolean insert(@RequestBody User user) {
System.out.println("开始新增...");
//如果姓名为空就手动抛出一个自定义的异常!
if(user.getName()==null){
throw new BizException("-1","用户姓名不能为空!");
}
return true;
}
@PutMapping("/user")
public boolean update(@RequestBody User user) {
System.out.println("开始更新...");
//这里故意造成一个空指针的异常,并且不进行处理
String str=null;
str.equals("111");
return true;
}
@DeleteMapping("/user")
public boolean delete(@RequestBody User user) {
System.out.println("开始删除...");
//这里故意造成一个异常,并且不进行处理
Integer.parseInt("abc123");
return true;
}
@GetMapping("/user")
public List<User> findByUser(User user) {
System.out.println("开始查询...");
List<User> userList =new ArrayList<>();
User user2=new User();
user2.setId(1L);
user2.setName("xuwujing");
user2.setAge(18);
userList.add(user2);
return userList;
}
}
@SpringBootApplication
public class App
{
public static void main( String[] args )
{
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
System.out.println("程序正在运行...");
}
}
功能测试
GET [http://localhost:8181/api/user](http://localhost:8181/api/user)
{"id":1,"name":"xuwujing","age":18}
POST [http://localhost:8181/api/user](http://localhost:8181/api/user)
{"id":1,"age":18}
{"code":"-1","message":"用户姓名不能为空!","result":null}
PUT [http://localhost:8181/api/user](http://localhost:8181/api/user)
{"id":1,"age":18}
{"code":"400","message":"请求的数据格式不符!","result":null}
DELETE [http://localhost:8181/api/user](http://localhost:8181/api/user)
{"id":1}
{"code":"500","message":"服务器内部错误!","result":null}
ResponseBody
注解即可。细心的同学也许发现了在GlobalExceptionHandler
类中使用的是ControllerAdvice
注解,而非RestControllerAdvice
注解,如果是用的RestControllerAdvice
注解,它会将数据自动转换成JSON格式,这种于Controller
和RestController
类似,所以我们在使用全局异常处理的之后可以进行灵活的选择处理。<END>
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