Spring-Retry重试实现原理
阅读本文大概需要 10.5 分钟。
来自:http://r6d.cn/LJJN
概要
背景
使用介绍
基本使用
@Configuration
@EnableRetry
public class Application {
@Bean
public RetryService retryService(){
return new RetryService();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext("springretry");
RetryService service1 = applicationContext.getBean("service", RetryService.class);
service1.service();
}
}
@Service("service")
public class RetryService {
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class, maxAttempts = 5,
backoff= @Backoff(value = 1500, maxDelay = 100000, multiplier = 1.2))
public void service() throws IllegalAccessException {
System.out.println("service method...");
throw new IllegalAccessException("manual exception");
}
@Recover
public void recover(IllegalAccessException e){
System.out.println("service retry after Recover => " + e.getMessage());
}
}
重试策略
SimpleRetryPolicy 默认最多重试3次
TimeoutRetryPolicy 默认在1秒内失败都会重试
ExpressionRetryPolicy 符合表达式就会重试
CircuitBreakerRetryPolicy 增加了熔断的机制,如果不在熔断状态,则允许重试
CompositeRetryPolicy 可以组合多个重试策略
NeverRetryPolicy 从不重试(也是一种重试策略哈)
AlwaysRetryPolicy 总是重试
退避策略
FixedBackOffPolicy 默认固定延迟1秒后执行下一次重试
ExponentialBackOffPolicy 指数递增延迟执行重试,默认初始0.1秒,系数是2,那么下次延迟0.2秒,再下次就是延迟0.4秒,如此类推,最大30秒。
ExponentialRandomBackOffPolicy 在上面那个策略上增加随机性
UniformRandomBackOffPolicy 这个跟上面的区别就是,上面的延迟会不停递增,这个只会在固定的区间随机
StatelessBackOffPolicy 这个说明是无状态的,所谓无状态就是对上次的退避无感知,从它下面的子类也能看出来
原理
切入点
@EnableRetry
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(proxyTargetClass = false)
@Import(RetryConfiguration.class)
@Documented
public @interface EnableRetry {
/**
* Indicate whether subclass-based (CGLIB) proxies are to be created as opposed
* to standard Java interface-based proxies. The default is {@code false}.
*
* @return whether to proxy or not to proxy the class
*/
boolean proxyTargetClass() default false;
}
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(proxyTargetClass = false)
这个并不陌生,就是打开Spring AOP功能。重点看看@Import(RetryConfiguration.class)
@Import相当于注册这个BeanRetryConfiguration
是个什么东西@PostConstruct
public void init() {
Set> retryableAnnotationTypes = new LinkedHashSet >(1);
retryableAnnotationTypes.add(Retryable.class);
//创建pointcut
this.pointcut = buildPointcut(retryableAnnotationTypes);
//创建advice
this.advice = buildAdvice();
if (this.advice instanceof BeanFactoryAware) {
((BeanFactoryAware) this.advice).setBeanFactory(beanFactory);
}
}
protected Pointcut buildPointcut(Set
> retryAnnotationTypes) {
ComposablePointcut result = null;
for (Class extends Annotation> retryAnnotationType : retryAnnotationTypes) {
Pointcut filter = new AnnotationClassOrMethodPointcut(retryAnnotationType);
if (result == null) {
result = new ComposablePointcut(filter);
}
else {
result.union(filter);
}
}
return result;
}
//创建advice对象,即拦截器
protected Advice buildAdvice() {
//下面关注这个对象
AnnotationAwareRetryOperationsInterceptor interceptor = new AnnotationAwareRetryOperationsInterceptor();
if (retryContextCache != null) {
interceptor.setRetryContextCache(retryContextCache);
}
if (retryListeners != null) {
interceptor.setListeners(retryListeners);
}
if (methodArgumentsKeyGenerator != null) {
interceptor.setKeyGenerator(methodArgumentsKeyGenerator);
}
if (newMethodArgumentsIdentifier != null) {
interceptor.setNewItemIdentifier(newMethodArgumentsIdentifier);
}
if (sleeper != null) {
interceptor.setSleeper(sleeper);
}
return interceptor;
}
AnnotationAwareRetryOperationsInterceptor
@Override
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
MethodInterceptor delegate = getDelegate(invocation.getThis(), invocation.getMethod());
if (delegate != null) {
return delegate.invoke(invocation);
}
else {
return invocation.proceed();
}
}
private MethodInterceptor getDelegate(Object target, Method method) {
if (!this.delegates.containsKey(target) || !this.delegates.get(target).containsKey(method)) {
synchronized (this.delegates) {
if (!this.delegates.containsKey(target)) {
this.delegates.put(target, new HashMap());
}
MapdelegatesForTarget = this.delegates.get(target);
if (!delegatesForTarget.containsKey(method)) {
Retryable retryable = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(method, Retryable.class);
if (retryable == null) {
retryable = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(method.getDeclaringClass(), Retryable.class);
}
if (retryable == null) {
retryable = findAnnotationOnTarget(target, method);
}
if (retryable == null) {
return delegatesForTarget.put(method, null);
}
MethodInterceptor delegate;
//支持自定义MethodInterceptor,而且优先级最高
if (StringUtils.hasText(retryable.interceptor())) {
delegate = this.beanFactory.getBean(retryable.interceptor(), MethodInterceptor.class);
}
else if (retryable.stateful()) {
//得到“有状态”的interceptor
delegate = getStatefulInterceptor(target, method, retryable);
}
else {
//得到“无状态”的interceptor
delegate = getStatelessInterceptor(target, method, retryable);
}
delegatesForTarget.put(method, delegate);
}
}
}
return this.delegates.get(target).get(method);
}
private MethodInterceptor getStatelessInterceptor(Object target, Method method, Retryable retryable) {
//生成一个RetryTemplate
RetryTemplate template = createTemplate(retryable.listeners());
//生成retryPolicy
template.setRetryPolicy(getRetryPolicy(retryable));
//生成backoffPolicy
template.setBackOffPolicy(getBackoffPolicy(retryable.backoff()));
return RetryInterceptorBuilder.stateless()
.retryOperations(template)
.label(retryable.label())
.recoverer(getRecoverer(target, method))
.build();
}
RetryOperationsInterceptor
。RetryOperationsInterceptor也是一个MethodInterceptor,我们来看看它的invoke
方法。public Object invoke(final MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
String name;
if (StringUtils.hasText(label)) {
name = label;
} else {
name = invocation.getMethod().toGenericString();
}
final String label = name;
//定义了一个RetryCallback,其实看它的doWithRetry方法,调用了invocation的proceed()方法,是不是有点眼熟,这就是AOP的拦截链调用,如果没有拦截链,那就是对原来方法的调用。
RetryCallback
RetryOperationsInterceptor
还是StatefulRetryOperationsInterceptor
,最终的拦截处理逻辑还是调用到RetryTemplate的execute方法,从名字也看出来,RetryTemplate作为一个模板类,里面包含了重试统一逻辑。不过,我看这个RetryTemplate并不是很“模板”,因为它没有很多可以扩展的地方。重试逻辑及策略实现
protected
T doExecute(RetryCallback retryCallback,
RecoveryCallbackrecoveryCallback, RetryState state)
throws E, ExhaustedRetryException {
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = this.retryPolicy;
BackOffPolicy backOffPolicy = this.backOffPolicy;
//新建一个RetryContext来保存本轮重试的上下文
RetryContext context = open(retryPolicy, state);
if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
this.logger.trace("RetryContext retrieved: " + context);
}
// Make sure the context is available globally for clients who need
// it...
RetrySynchronizationManager.register(context);
Throwable lastException = null;
boolean exhausted = false;
try {
//如果有注册RetryListener,则会调用它的open方法,给调用者一个通知。
boolean running = doOpenInterceptors(retryCallback, context);
if (!running) {
throw new TerminatedRetryException(
"Retry terminated abnormally by interceptor before first attempt");
}
// Get or Start the backoff context...
BackOffContext backOffContext = null;
Object resource = context.getAttribute("backOffContext");
if (resource instanceof BackOffContext) {
backOffContext = (BackOffContext) resource;
}
if (backOffContext == null) {
backOffContext = backOffPolicy.start(context);
if (backOffContext != null) {
context.setAttribute("backOffContext", backOffContext);
}
}
//判断能否重试,就是调用RetryPolicy的canRetry方法来判断。
//这个循环会直到原方法不抛出异常,或不需要再重试
while (canRetry(retryPolicy, context) && !context.isExhaustedOnly()) {
try {
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Retry: count=" + context.getRetryCount());
}
//清除上次记录的异常
lastException = null;
//doWithRetry方法,一般来说就是原方法
return retryCallback.doWithRetry(context);
}
catch (Throwable e) {
//原方法抛出了异常
lastException = e;
try {
//记录异常信息
registerThrowable(retryPolicy, state, context, e);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new TerminatedRetryException("Could not register throwable",
ex);
}
finally {
//调用RetryListener的onError方法
doOnErrorInterceptors(retryCallback, context, e);
}
//再次判断能否重试
if (canRetry(retryPolicy, context) && !context.isExhaustedOnly()) {
try {
//如果可以重试则走退避策略
backOffPolicy.backOff(backOffContext);
}
catch (BackOffInterruptedException ex) {
lastException = e;
// back off was prevented by another thread - fail the retry
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger
.debug("Abort retry because interrupted: count="
+ context.getRetryCount());
}
throw ex;
}
}
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug(
"Checking for rethrow: count=" + context.getRetryCount());
}
if (shouldRethrow(retryPolicy, context, state)) {
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Rethrow in retry for policy: count="
+ context.getRetryCount());
}
throw RetryTemplate.wrapIfNecessary(e);
}
}
/*
* A stateful attempt that can retry may rethrow the exception before now,
* but if we get this far in a stateful retry there's a reason for it,
* like a circuit breaker or a rollback classifier.
*/
if (state != null && context.hasAttribute(GLOBAL_STATE)) {
break;
}
}
if (state == null && this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug(
"Retry failed last attempt: count=" + context.getRetryCount());
}
exhausted = true;
//重试结束后如果有兜底Recovery方法则执行,否则抛异常
return handleRetryExhausted(recoveryCallback, context, state);
}
catch (Throwable e) {
throw RetryTemplate.wrapIfNecessary(e);
}
finally {
//处理一些关闭逻辑
close(retryPolicy, context, state, lastException == null || exhausted);
//调用RetryListener的close方法
doCloseInterceptors(retryCallback, context, lastException);
RetrySynchronizationManager.clear();
}
}
getStatelessInterceptor
方法中的getRetryPolicy
和getRetryPolicy
方法。private RetryPolicy getRetryPolicy(Annotation retryable) {
Mapattrs = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotationAttributes(retryable);
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Class extends Throwable>[] includes = (Class extends Throwable>[]) attrs.get("value");
String exceptionExpression = (String) attrs.get("exceptionExpression");
boolean hasExpression = StringUtils.hasText(exceptionExpression);
if (includes.length == 0) {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Class extends Throwable>[] value = (Class extends Throwable>[]) attrs.get("include");
includes = value;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Class extends Throwable>[] excludes = (Class extends Throwable>[]) attrs.get("exclude");
Integer maxAttempts = (Integer) attrs.get("maxAttempts");
String maxAttemptsExpression = (String) attrs.get("maxAttemptsExpression");
if (StringUtils.hasText(maxAttemptsExpression)) {
maxAttempts = PARSER.parseExpression(resolve(maxAttemptsExpression), PARSER_CONTEXT)
.getValue(this.evaluationContext, Integer.class);
}
if (includes.length == 0 && excludes.length == 0) {
SimpleRetryPolicy simple = hasExpression ? new ExpressionRetryPolicy(resolve(exceptionExpression))
.withBeanFactory(this.beanFactory)
: new SimpleRetryPolicy();
simple.setMaxAttempts(maxAttempts);
return simple;
}
Map, Boolean> policyMap = new HashMap , Boolean>();
for (Class extends Throwable> type : includes) {
policyMap.put(type, true);
}
for (Class extends Throwable> type : excludes) {
policyMap.put(type, false);
}
boolean retryNotExcluded = includes.length == 0;
if (hasExpression) {
return new ExpressionRetryPolicy(maxAttempts, policyMap, true, exceptionExpression, retryNotExcluded)
.withBeanFactory(this.beanFactory);
}
else {
return new SimpleRetryPolicy(maxAttempts, policyMap, true, retryNotExcluded);
}
}
private BackOffPolicy getBackoffPolicy(Backoff backoff) {
long min = backoff.delay() == 0 ? backoff.value() : backoff.delay();
if (StringUtils.hasText(backoff.delayExpression())) {
min = PARSER.parseExpression(resolve(backoff.delayExpression()), PARSER_CONTEXT)
.getValue(this.evaluationContext, Long.class);
}
long max = backoff.maxDelay();
if (StringUtils.hasText(backoff.maxDelayExpression())) {
max = PARSER.parseExpression(resolve(backoff.maxDelayExpression()), PARSER_CONTEXT)
.getValue(this.evaluationContext, Long.class);
}
double multiplier = backoff.multiplier();
if (StringUtils.hasText(backoff.multiplierExpression())) {
multiplier = PARSER.parseExpression(resolve(backoff.multiplierExpression()), PARSER_CONTEXT)
.getValue(this.evaluationContext, Double.class);
}
if (multiplier > 0) {
ExponentialBackOffPolicy policy = new ExponentialBackOffPolicy();
if (backoff.random()) {
policy = new ExponentialRandomBackOffPolicy();
}
policy.setInitialInterval(min);
policy.setMultiplier(multiplier);
policy.setMaxInterval(max > min ? max : ExponentialBackOffPolicy.DEFAULT_MAX_INTERVAL);
if (this.sleeper != null) {
policy.setSleeper(this.sleeper);
}
return policy;
}
if (max > min) {
UniformRandomBackOffPolicy policy = new UniformRandomBackOffPolicy();
policy.setMinBackOffPeriod(min);
policy.setMaxBackOffPeriod(max);
if (this.sleeper != null) {
policy.setSleeper(this.sleeper);
}
return policy;
}
FixedBackOffPolicy policy = new FixedBackOffPolicy();
policy.setBackOffPeriod(min);
if (this.sleeper != null) {
policy.setSleeper(this.sleeper);
}
return policy;
}
@Override
public boolean canRetry(RetryContext context) {
Throwable t = context.getLastThrowable();
//判断抛出的异常是否符合重试的异常
//还有,是否超过了重试的次数
return (t == null || retryForException(t)) && context.getRetryCount() < maxAttempts;
}
protected void doBackOff() throws BackOffInterruptedException {
try {
//就是sleep固定的时间
sleeper.sleep(backOffPeriod);
}
catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new BackOffInterruptedException("Thread interrupted while sleeping", e);
}
}
RetryContext
总结
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