18个面向专业开发人员的高级 JavaScript 技术

web前端开发

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2024-07-14 21:51


浏览器

01.实现全屏

当你需要将当前屏幕显示为全屏时。

function fullScreen() {      const el = document.documentElement    const rfs =     el.requestFullScreen ||     el.webkitRequestFullScreen ||     el.mozRequestFullScreen ||     el.msRequestFullscreen    if(typeof rfs != "undefined" && rfs) {        rfs.call(el)    }}// Click to go 🌐 full screen!fullScreen()

02.退出全屏 

当你需要退出全屏时。

function exitScreen() {    if (document.exitFullscreen) {         document.exitFullscreen()    }     else if (document.mozCancelFullScreen) {         document.mozCancelFullScreen()    }     else if (document.webkitCancelFullScreen) {         document.webkitCancelFullScreen()    }     else if (document.msExitFullscreen) {         document.msExitFullscreen()    }     if(typeof cfs != "undefined" && cfs) {        cfs.call(el)    }    // Exiting full screen 🚪🏃}exitScreen()

03.页面打印

当你需要打印当前页面时。

// Click to print the page 🖨️window.print()

04.打印内容样式更改

当你需要打印出当前页面,但需要修改当前布局时。

<style>/* Adjusting print layout 🔧 */@media print {    .noprint {        display: none;    }}</style><div class="print">print</div><div class="noprint">noprint</div>

05.阻止关闭事件 

当需要阻止用户刷新或关闭浏览器时,可以选择触发 beforeunload 事件,部分浏览器无法自定义文本内容。

window.onbeforeunload = function(){    return 'Are you sure you want to leave the haorooms blog?🚪🤔';};

06.屏幕录制 

当你需要录制当前屏幕并上传或下载屏幕录制时。

// Record your screen here const streamPromise = navigator.mediaDevices.getDisplayMedia()streamPromise.then(stream => {    var recordedChunks = [];// recorded video datavar options = { mimeType: "video/webm; codecs=vp9" };// Set the encoding format    var mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(stream, options);// Initialize the MediaRecorder instance    mediaRecorder.ondataavailable = handleDataAvailable;// Set the callback when data is available (end of screen recording)    mediaRecorder.start();    // Video Fragmentation    function handleDataAvailable(event) {        if (event.data.size > 0) {            recordedChunks.push(event.data);// Add data, event.data is a BLOB object            download();// Encapsulate into a BLOB object and download        }    }// file download    function download() {        var blob = new Blob(recordedChunks, {            type: "video/webm"        });        // Videos can be uploaded to the backend here        var url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);        var a = document.createElement("a");        document.body.appendChild(a);        a.style = "display: none";        a.href = url;        a.download = "test.webm";        a.click();        window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);    }})

07.判断横竖屏

当你需要判断手机横竖屏的状态时。

function hengshuping() {    if (window.orientation == 180 || window.orientation == 0) {        alert("Portrait mode! 📱");    }    if (window.orientation == 90 || window.orientation == -90) {        alert("Landscape mode! 🌅");    }}// Add listener for screen orientation changes 🔄window.addEventListener("onorientationchange" in window ? "orientationchange" : "resize", hengshuping, false);

08.改变横竖屏样式

当你需要为横竖屏设置不同的样式时。

<style>@media all and (orientation : landscape) {    body {        background-color: #ff0000;    }}@media all and (orientation : portrait) {    body {        background-color: #00ff00;    }}</style>

09.标签页隐藏 

当你需要监听标签页显示和隐藏事件时。

// Tab Page Hidden const {hidden, visibilityChange} = (() => {    let hidden, visibilityChange;    if (typeof document.hidden !== "undefined") {      // Opera 12.10 and Firefox 18 and later support      hidden = "hidden";      visibilityChange = "visibilitychange";    } else if (typeof document.msHidden !== "undefined") {      hidden = "msHidden";      visibilityChange = "msvisibilitychange";    } else if (typeof document.webkitHidden !== "undefined") {      hidden = "webkitHidden";      visibilityChange = "webkitvisibilitychange";    }    return {      hidden,      visibilityChange    }})();
const handleVisibilityChange = () => { console.log("currently hidden", document[hidden]);};document.addEventListener( visibilityChange, handleVisibilityChange, false);

图片

10.本地图片预览

当你从客户端获取图片但无法立即上传到服务器,但需要预览时。

<!-- Upload and preview images here 📸 --><div class="test">    <input type="file" name="" id="">    <img src="" alt=""></div><script>const getObjectURL = (file) => {    let url = null;    if (window.createObjectURL != undefined) { // basic        url = window.createObjectURL(file);    } else if (window.URL != undefined) { // webkit or chrome        url = window.URL.createObjectURL(file);    } else if (window.URL != undefined) { // mozilla(firefox)        url = window.URL.createObjectURL(file);    }    return url;}document.querySelector('input').addEventListener('change', (event) => {    document.querySelector('img').src = getObjectURL(event.target.files[0])})</script>

11.图片预加载

当你有大量图片时,你需要预加载图片以避免白屏

const images = []function preloader(args) {    for (let i = 0, len = args.length; i < len; i++) {          images[i] = new Image()          images[i].src = args[i]    } }  preloader(['1.png', '2.jpg'])

Js

12.字符串脚本

当需要将一串字符串转换成js脚本时,此方法存在xss漏洞,谨慎使用。

const obj = eval('({ name: "jack" })')// obj will be converted to object{ name: "jack" }const v = eval('obj')// v will become the variable obj

13.递归函数名解耦

当需要编写递归函数时,会声明一个函数名,但每次修改函数名时,总会忘记修改内部的函数名。argument 是函数内部对象,包括传入函数的所有参数,arguments.callee 代表函数名。

// This is a basic Fibonacci sequencefunction fibonacci (n) {    const fn = arguments.callee    if (n <= 1) return 1    return fn(n - 1) + fn(n - 2)}

DOM元素

14.隐式判断

当你需要判断某个dom元素当前是否出现在页面视图中时,可以尝试使用IntersectionObserver来判断。

<style>.item {    height: 350px;}</style>
<div class="container"> <div class="item" data-id="1">Invisible</div> <div class="item" data-id="2">Invisible</div> <div class="item" data-id="3">Invisible</div></div><script> if (window?.IntersectionObserver) { let items = [...document.getElementsByClassName("item")]; // parses as a true array, also available Array.prototype.slice.call()let io = new IntersectionObserver( (entries) => { entries.forEach((item) => { item.target.innerHTML = item.intersectionRatio === 1 // The display ratio of the element, when it is 1, it is completely visible, and when it is 0, it is completely invisible ? `Element is fully visible` : `Element is partially invisible`; }); }, { root: null, rootMargin: "0px 0px", threshold: 1, // The threshold is set to 1, and the callback function is triggered only when the ratio reaches 1 } ); items.forEach((item) => io.observe(item)); }</script>

15.元素可编辑 

当你需要编辑 dom 元素时,让它像文本区域一样点击。

<div contenteditable="true">here can be edited</div>

16.元素属性监控

<div id="test">test</div><button onclick="handleClick()">OK</button>
<script> const el = document.getElementById("test"); let n = 1; const observe = new MutationObserver((mutations) => { console.log("attribute is changede", mutations); }) observe.observe(el, { attributes: true }); function handleClick() { el.setAttribute("style", "color: red"); el.setAttribute("data-name", n++); } setTimeout(() => { observe.disconnect(); // stop watch }, 5000);</script>

17.打印dom元素

开发过程中需要打印dom元素时,使用console.log往往只能打印出整个dom元素,无法查看dom元素内部的属性,可以尝试使用console.dir。

console.dir(document.body)

其他

18.激活应用

当你在移动端开发时,需要打开其他应用,以下方法也可以通过location.href赋值来操作

<!-- Use the following links to activate phone features 📲 --><a href="tel:12345678910">phone</a><a href="sms:12345678910,12345678911?body=hello">android message</a> <a href="sms:/open?addresses=12345678910,12345678911&body=hello">ios message</a><a href="wx://">ios message</a>

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