Turing's Cathedral-轻识

“It is possible to invent a single machine which can be used to compute any computable sequence,” twenty-four-year-old Alan Turing announced in 1936. In Turing’s Cathedral , George Dyson focuses on a small group of men and women, led by John von Neumann at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, who built one of the first computers to realize Alan Turing’s vision of a Universal Machine. Their work would break the distinction between numbers that mean things and numbers that do things—and our universe would never be the same.

Using five kilobytes of memory (the amount allocated to displaying the cursor on a computer desktop of today), they achieved unprecedented success in both weather prediction and nuclear weapons design, while tackling, in their spare time, problems ranging from the evolution of viruses to the evolution of stars.

Dyson’s account, both historic and prophetic, sheds important new light on how the digital universe exploded in the aftermath of World War II. The proliferation of both codes and machines was paralleled by two historic developments: the decoding of self-replicating sequences in biology and the invention of the hydrogen bomb. It’s no coincidence that the most destructive and the most constructive of human inventions appeared at exactly the same time.

How did code take over the world? In retracing how Alan Turing’s one-dimensional model became John von Neumann’s two-dimensional implementation, Turing’s Cathedral offers a series of provocative suggestions as to where the digital universe, now fully three-dimensional, may be heading next.

乔治·戴森 (George Dyson)，美国著名的科技史学家和非虚构类图书作家，研究方向包括技术与物理环境的演变及社会学。作品包括研究数字计算和通信系统的《计算机生命天演论》（Darwin among the Machines）、与太空探索相关的《猎户座计划》（Project Orion）以及研究阿留申人海豹皮船发展演变过程的《海豹皮船》（Baidarka）。TED演讲人。曾在学术机构、企业和技术会议上广泛发表演讲，话题涉及计算的历史、算法和智能的发展、通信系统、空间探索等，讲述了技术在现代社会演变的历史背景，并在科技和互联网发展方向等问题上，提出了发人深省的理念。